Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The distance from Earth’s surface to its center is about:
a. | 6.4 km | b. | 64 km | c. | 640 km | d. | 6,400
km |
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2.
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Vibrations that travel through Earth’s interior are known as:
a. | crust waves. | b. | earthquake waves. | c. | seismic waves. | d. | shock
waves. |
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3.
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Seismic waves are formed from disturbances such as:
a. | earthquakes and human-made blasts. | c. | volcanoes and human-made
blasts. | b. | earthquakes and volcanoes. | d. | None of the above |
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4.
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A scientist who studies seismic waves is called a:
a. | seismologist. | b. | geologist. | c. | volcanologist. | d. | paleontologist. |
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5.
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Seismic waves that move with a forward and backward motion are called:
a. | S-waves. | b. | P-waves. | c. | L-waves. | d. | E-waves. |
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6.
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Seismic waves that move through Earth with a side-to-side motion are
called:
a. | S-waves. | b. | P-waves. | c. | L-waves. | d. | E-waves. |
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7.
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S-waves are NOT able to pass through:
a. | solids. | c. | gases. | b. | liquids. | d. | solids, liquids, and
gases. |
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8.
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When an earthquake on one side of Earth produces S-waves there is a large area
on the other side where they can’t be detected. This is called the:
a. | S-shadow. | b. | P-shadow. | c. | S-zone. | d. | P-zone. |
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9.
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P-waves are able to travel through:
a. | liquids. | b. | solids. | c. | gases. | d. | liquids, solids,
and gases. |
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10.
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S-waves are NOT able to pass through Earth’s outer core because it
is:
a. | solid. | b. | liquid. | c. | gas. | d. | empty
space. |
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11.
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The outermost layer of Earth is called the:
a. | crust. | b. | mantle. | c. | aesthenosphere. | d. | lithosphere. |
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 Figure 7-1A
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12.
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The mantle is about 2,900 km thick and is warm and soft enough to flow. Which
layer in Figure 7-1A is the mantle?
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13.
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The lithosphere includes the crust and the upper mantle. Which layer in Figure
7-1A is the lithosphere?
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14.
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The inner core is made mostly of iron and is solid. Which layer in Figure 7-1A
is the inner core?
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15.
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The outer core is made of iron and is liquid. Which layer in Figure 7-1A is the
outer core?
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16.
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Because of the enormous pressure, the inner core is a:
a. | liquid. | b. | solid. | c. | gas. | d. | solid and
liquid. |
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17.
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The center of Earth is referred to as the:
a. | crust. | b. | mantle. | c. | lithosphere. | d. | core. |
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18.
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Continental crust is approximately how thick?
a. | 3 km | b. | 5 km | c. | 30 km | d. | 50 km |
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19.
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The layer of Earth between the crust and the core is the:
a. | lithosphere. | b. | aesthenosphere. | c. | mantle. | d. | outer
core. |
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20.
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Earth’s magnetic field is generated by powerful electric waves in
the:
a. | inner core. | b. | outer core. | c. | mantle. | d. | aesthenosphere. |
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21.
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Which of the following is the correct order for the layers of Earth from coolest
temperature to warmest temperature?
a. | Crust, mantle, core | c. | Core, mantle, crust | b. | Mantle, crust, core | d. | None of the
above |
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22.
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As you move from the surface of Earth to the inner core, what happens to the
temperature?
a. | It increases | c. | It stays the same | b. | It decreases | d. | It increases, then
decreases |
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23.
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The lithosphere consists of:
a. | the inner and outer core. | c. | the crust and upper
mantle. | b. | the outer core and mantle. | d. | the crust and the aesthenosphere. |
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24.
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Oceanic crust is composed mainly of which type of rock?
a. | Granite | b. | Basalt | c. | Pumice | d. | Sandstone |
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25.
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Continental crust is primarily composed of which rock?
a. | Granite | b. | Basalt | c. | Pumice | d. | Sandstone |
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26.
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Oceanic crust is ____ than continental crust.
a. | more dense | b. | less dense | c. | thicker | d. | heavier |
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27.
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Less buoyant, denser materials have settled closer to which layer of
Earth?
a. | Continental crust | b. | Oceanic crust | c. | Lithosphere | d. | Core |
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28.
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Which two elements are common on Earth’s surface?
a. | Aluminum and silicon | c. | Silicon and iron | b. | Aluminum and iron | d. | Iron and nickel |
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29.
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Mountain ranges on the continental crust cause the crust to:
a. | float higher on the mantle. | c. | rise away from the
mantle. | b. | push down into the mantle. | d. | melt completely in the mantle. |
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30.
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As you move from the surface of Earth to the inner core, what happens to the
density of the materials of each layer?
a. | Density increases | c. | Density stays the same | b. | Density
decreases | d. | Density
increases, then decreases |
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31.
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If a large glacier located on continental crust were to melt away, it would
cause the crust to:
a. | float higher above the mantle. | c. | turn into oceanic
crust. | b. | sink lower into the mantle. | d. | break into many pieces. |
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32.
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Seismic tomography is a means to create a three-dimensional image of
Earth’s interior using:
a. | seismic waves. | c. | electronic earthquake detectors. | b. | computers. | d. | All of the above |
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